The Silk and Spice Roads in Muslim Lands 670-1800s AD Silk Roads in Muslim Lands Formation of Marv as a Center of Learning during Seljuks and Khwarazmshahs Formation of Mosul as a Center of Islamic Scholarship Formation of Konya as a Center of Learning Under Anatolian Seljuks Formation of Maragha as a Center of Learning during Ilkhanid Era Formation of Tabriz as a Center of Learning during Timurid Era Formation of Samarkand as a Center of Learning During the Timurid Era